TY - JOUR ID - 12871 TI - A Comparative Study of Interactive and Interactional Metadiscourse Markers in Sales Contract Written by English Natives vs. Iranian Non-natives JO - Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics JA - RALS LA - en SN - 2345-3303 AU - Heidari Tabrizi, Hossein AD - Department of English, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Y1 - 2017 PY - 2017 VL - 8 IS - Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Language, Discourse and Pragmatics SP - 75 EP - 83 KW - Business Correspondence KW - Interactive metadiscourse markers KW - Interactional Metadiscourse Markers KW - Iranian Non-native Discourse KW - Sales Contracts DO - 10.22055/rals.2017.12871 N2 - This study investigated two major types of metadiscourse markers as used in typical sales contracts, written by English natives and Iranian non-natives. In so doing, 60 sales contracts were selected, 30 written by native English and 30 by Iranian non-natives. Based on Hyland and Tse’s taxonomy, the contracts were codified and classified in terms of the frequency and percentage of the interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers found. The results revealed that Iranian non-natives used more interactive metadiscourse markers while natives used more interactional metadiscourse markers. The latter also used more hedges in their sales contracts compared to non-natives. UR - https://rals.scu.ac.ir/article_12871.html L1 - https://rals.scu.ac.ir/article_12871_36d04cd4619d744250d77f0f9b6ffc47.pdf ER -